[Depression and Anxiety Disorders and Associated Factors in the Adolescent Colombian Population, 2015 National Mental Health Survey]

Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2016 Dec:45 Suppl 1:50-57. doi: 10.1016/j.rcp.2016.09.009. Epub 2016 Nov 17.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction: There was a prevalence of mental disorders of 17% in adolescents in the past year. These tended to be chronic and their appearance at this age is associated with a worse prognosis than those in adulthood.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and mental factors associated with major depression and anxiety disorders.

Methods: Data were obtained from the IV National Mental Health Survey representing 5 regions. A structured computerised survey was conducted using the Computer Assisted Personal Interview-Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Adolescent Version (CAPI-CIDI-A), focused on the most common depression and anxiety disorders. It included a sample of 1754 adolescents between 12 and 17 years old.

Results: The prevalence of any disorder at some point in life was 7.2% (95%CI, 5.8-8.9). The most common disorder corresponded to social phobia manifested sometime in life in 4.8% (95%CI, 3.7-6.2). Less frequent were panic disorder in girls (0.2%; 95% CI, 0.1-1.0) and other bipolar disorders in boys (0.2%; 95%CI, 0.1-0.7). Among the associated factors of suffering from any disorder were, being female (OR=2.1), having little family support (OR=2.0), having witnessed at least one traumatic event (OR=2.6), and having had a previous suicide attempt (OR=3.4). Participation in at least one group was a protective factor (OR=0.5).

Conclusions: Mental disorders of anxiety and depression represent a major burden of disease for Colombia.

Keywords: Anxiety disorders; Depresión; Depression; Encuestas epidemiológicas; Epidemiological surveys; Mental disorders; Trastornos de ansiedad; Trastornos mentales.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anxiety Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Bipolar Disorder / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Colombia / epidemiology
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Health Surveys
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Mental Disorders / physiopathology
  • Panic Disorder / epidemiology
  • Phobia, Social / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors