Purpose: To compare clinical and confocal scan outcomes after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) performed for Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy (FED) versus pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK).
Methods: This retrospective comparative study included 47 consecutive eyes of 39 patients with the diagnosis of FED (n = 29, group 1) or PBK (n = 18, group 2) that underwent DSAEK. Clinical outcomes were compared between the study groups. At the final follow-up examination, confocal microscopy was used to measure and compare central corneal and graft thickness as well as endothelial cell density and morphology between the two groups.
Results: Mean age at the time of surgery was 65.2 ± 11.8 and 69.4 ± 12.5 years in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.27). Follow-up period was 23.6 ± 14.0 months in group 1 and 25.6 ± 15.7 months in group 2 (P = 0.79). Postoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was significantly better in group 1 than in group 2 until postoperative month 6. Afterwards, the two study groups were comparable in this regard. At the final follow-up examination, spherical equivalent refractive error was + 0.39 ± 1.46 diopters (D) in group 1 and + 0.80 ± 1.47 D in group 2 (P = 0.45). Postoperative keratometric astigmatism was 1.02 ± 0.83 D and 2.36 ± 0.67 D, respectively (P < 0.001). Mean central graft thickness was 98.0 ± 33.3 μm in group 1 and 107.6 ± 28.0 μm in group 2 (P = 0.45). No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the postoperative endothelial cell density.
Conclusion: The outcomes of DSAEK surgery were comparable between FED and PBK. All grafts were clear despite the lower than normal endothelial cell counts.
Keywords: Confocal Scan; Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty; Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy; Outcomes; Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy.