Polymeric Selectin Ligands Mimicking Complex Carbohydrates: From Selectin Binders to Modifiers of Macrophage Migration

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2017 Jan 24;56(5):1416-1421. doi: 10.1002/anie.201610395. Epub 2016 Dec 22.

Abstract

Novel polymeric cell adhesion inhibitors were developed in which the selectin tetrasaccharide sialyl-LewisX (SLeX ) is multivalently presented on a biocompatible poly(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (PHPMA) backbone either alone (P1) or in combination with O-sulfated tyramine side chains (P2). For comparison, corresponding polymeric glycomimetics were prepared in which the crucial "single carbohydrate" substructures fucose, galactose, and sialic acid side chains were randomly linked to the PHPMA backbone (P3 or P4 (O-sulfated tyramine)). All polymers have an identical degree of polymerization, as they are derived from the same precursor polymer. Binding assays to selectins, to activated endothelial cells, and to macrophages show that polyHPMA with SLeX is an excellent binder to E-, L-, and P-selectins. However, mimetic P4 can also achieve close to comparable binding affinities in in vitro measurements and surprisingly, it also significantly inhibits the migration of macrophages; this provides new perspectives for the therapy of severe inflammatory diseases.

Keywords: PHPMA; glycopolymers; nanomedicine; polymer-carbohydrate conjugates; sialyl-Lewisx mimetics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Movement
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
  • Humans
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Ligands
  • Macrophages / cytology
  • Macrophages / metabolism*
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton
  • Nanomedicine
  • Oligosaccharides / chemistry
  • Oligosaccharides / metabolism*
  • Polymethacrylic Acids / chemistry
  • Selectins / chemistry
  • Selectins / metabolism*
  • Sialyl Lewis X Antigen
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance
  • Tyramine / chemistry

Substances

  • Ligands
  • Oligosaccharides
  • Polymethacrylic Acids
  • Selectins
  • Sialyl Lewis X Antigen
  • Duxon
  • Tyramine