Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is best known as a neurotransmitter critical for central nervous system (CNS) development and function. 95% of the body's serotonin, however, is produced in the intestine where it has been increasingly recognized for its hormonal, autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine actions. This chapter provides the most current knowledge of the critical autocrine and paracrine roles of 5-HT in intestinal motility and inflammation as well as its function as a hormone in osteocyte homeostasis. Therapeutic applications in each of these areas are also discussed.
Keywords:
Bone; Enteric nervous system; Intestinal inflammation; Intestine; Motility; Serotonin.
MeSH terms
-
Animals
-
Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
-
Bone Remodeling
-
Enteric Nervous System / drug effects
-
Enteric Nervous System / metabolism*
-
Enteric Nervous System / physiopathology
-
Gastrointestinal Agents / therapeutic use
-
Gastrointestinal Motility
-
Gastrointestinal Tract / drug effects
-
Gastrointestinal Tract / innervation*
-
Humans
-
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / drug therapy
-
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / metabolism*
-
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / physiopathology
-
Neurogenesis
-
Osteocytes / metabolism
-
Osteoporosis / metabolism
-
Osteoporosis / physiopathology
-
Receptors, Serotonin / metabolism
-
Serotonergic Neurons / metabolism*
-
Serotonin / metabolism*
-
Serotonin Agents / therapeutic use
-
Signal Transduction
Substances
-
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
-
Gastrointestinal Agents
-
Receptors, Serotonin
-
Serotonin Agents
-
Serotonin