Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma promote the re-epithelization of chronic cutaneous wounds via activation of YAP in a diabetic rat model

Theranostics. 2017 Jan 1;7(1):81-96. doi: 10.7150/thno.16803. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

Chronic wounds have become an economic, social, and public health burden and need advanced treatment. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used extensively in treatment of chronic wounds because it contains an abundance of growth factors secreted by platelets. The exosomes derived from PRP (PRP-Exos) have been proven to encapsulate principal growth factors from platelets. This study is the first to show that these exosomes may exert the function of PRP. PRP-Exos can effectively induce proliferation and migration of endothelial cells and fibroblasts to improve angiogenesis and re-epithelialization in chronic wounds. We regulated YAP to verify the PRP-Exos-dependent effect on fibroblast proliferation and migration through YAP activation. In vivo, we observed the cutaneous healing process in chronic wounds treated with PRP-Exos in a diabetic rat model. We provide evidence of the probable molecular mechanisms underlying the PRP effect on healing of chronic ulcers and describe a promising resource of growth factors from exosomes without species restriction.

Keywords: Yes-associated protein; chronic wounds; exosomes; platelet-rich plasma (PRP); re-epithelization..

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Diabetes Complications / therapy*
  • Diabetic Foot / therapy*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Epithelial Cells / physiology*
  • Exosomes / metabolism*
  • Platelet-Rich Plasma / chemistry*
  • Rats
  • Wound Healing*
  • YAP-Signaling Proteins

Substances

  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • YAP-Signaling Proteins
  • Yap1 protein, rat