Montmorillonite-chitosan-chlorhexidine composite films with antibiofilm activity and improved cytotoxicity for wound dressing

J Colloid Interface Sci. 2017 Apr 1:491:265-272. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.12.058. Epub 2016 Dec 24.

Abstract

Hypothesis: Chlorhexidine (CLX) is a good antimicrobial agent, but its use in treatment of wounds is limited because of its cytotoxicity towards human fibroblasts. A delivery system, able to release CLX in a localized and prolonged manner, could guarantee antimicrobial activity with reduced cytotoxic. Thus in this work the preparation and characterization of chitosan/montmorillonite composite films containing CLX, able to offer a prolonged CLX release, is described. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities and cytotoxicity of films were investigated.

Experimental: CLX was intercalated between the layers of montmorillonite (MONT-Na), and the intercalated product (MONT-CLX) was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and FT-IR spectroscopy. Then chitosan/MONT-CLX films were prepared and characterized. For comparison, films loaded with neat CLX and MONT-Na/CLX were prepared. All prepared films were tested for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. Cytotoxicity towards human skin keratinocytes and human fibroblasts HuDe was evaluated as well.

Findings: All prepared films showed good antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. As concerns cytotoxicity the film containing MONT-CLX at 1% CLX concentration resulted no cytotoxic. These results confirm the potential use of chitosan films containing MONT-CLX as a potential wound dressing material to prevent microbial colonization in wounds.

Keywords: Antibiofilm; Antimicrobial; Chitosan; Chlorhexidine; Intercalation; Montmorillonite.

MeSH terms

  • Bentonite / chemistry
  • Bentonite / pharmacology*
  • Biofilms / drug effects*
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Chitosan / chemistry
  • Chitosan / pharmacology*
  • Chlorhexidine / chemistry
  • Chlorhexidine / pharmacology*
  • Fibroblasts / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Keratinocytes / drug effects
  • Skin / drug effects
  • Wound Healing / drug effects*

Substances

  • Bentonite
  • Chitosan
  • Chlorhexidine