Acute Liver Injury and Failure

Vincent Thawley

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.11.010

Acute Liver Injury and Failure

Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2017 May;47(3):617-630. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.11.010. Epub 2017 Jan 6.

Author

Vincent Thawley¹

Affiliation

¹ Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Studies, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: vthawley@upenn.edu.

PMID: 28065578
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.11.010

Abstract

Acute liver injury and acute liver failure are syndromes characterized by a rapid loss of functional hepatocytes in a patient with no evidence of pre-existing liver disease. A variety of inciting causes have been identified, including toxic, infectious, neoplastic, and drug-induced causes. This article reviews the pathophysiology and clinical approach to the acute liver injury/acute liver failure patient, with a particular emphasis on the diagnostic evaluation and care in the acute setting.

Keywords: Coagulopathy; Hepatic encephalopathy; Liver failure; Liver jury.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Cat Diseases* / diagnosis
Cat Diseases* / etiology
Cat Diseases* / physiopathology
Cat Diseases* / therapy
Cats
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / diagnosis
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / physiopathology
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / therapy
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / veterinary*
Diet Therapy / methods
Diet Therapy / veterinary
Dog Diseases* / diagnosis
Dog Diseases* / etiology
Dog Diseases* / physiopathology
Dog Diseases* / therapy
Dogs
Liver Failure, Acute / etiology
Liver Failure, Acute / physiopathology
Liver Failure, Acute / therapy
Liver Failure, Acute / veterinary*
Prognosis
Vitamin K / therapeutic use

Substances

Vitamin K