Elderly with remaining teeth report less frailty and better quality of life than edentulous elderly: a cross-sectional study

Oral Dis. 2017 May;23(4):526-536. doi: 10.1111/odi.12644. Epub 2017 Mar 9.

Abstract

Objective: To assess oral status and self-reported oral health in community-living elderly and to determine differences between relevant subgroups of oral status (remaining teeth, edentulous, implant-retained overdentures) and case complexity (robust, frail, complex care needs).

Subjects and methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 1325 Dutch community-living elderly (≥75 years of age) were asked to complete validated questionnaires on frailty, activities of daily living (ADL), complexity of care needs, and QoL. Data on oral status, self-reported oral health, dental care, general health, and medication use were assessed. Differences between relevant subgroups were determined.

Results: Data of 1026 (77%) elderly (median 80 years, IQR 77-84) were analyzed: 39% had remaining teeth, 51% were edentulous, and 10% had implant-supported overdentures. Elderly with complex care needs (n = 225, 22%) and frail elderly (n = 217, 21%) were more often edentulous and reported more oral problems than robust elderly (n = 584, 57%). Elderly persons with remaining teeth were less frail, had better QoL and ADL, and used fewer medicines than edentulous elderly. Elderly with implant-supported overdentures performed better on frailty and QoL than edentulous elderly with conventional dentures.

Conclusion: Community-living elderly commonly suffer from oral health problems, in particular elderly with complex care needs. QoL, ADL, and general health are higher among community-living elderly with remaining teeth and implant-supported overdentures than in edentulous elderly.

Keywords: dental diseases; geriatric conditions; periodontium; public health.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Frail Elderly / statistics & numerical data*
  • Frailty / epidemiology
  • Frailty / etiology*
  • Geriatric Assessment
  • Health Status Indicators
  • Health Status*
  • Humans
  • Independent Living
  • Male
  • Mouth, Edentulous / complications*
  • Mouth, Edentulous / epidemiology
  • Netherlands / epidemiology
  • Oral Health / statistics & numerical data*
  • Quality of Life*
  • Risk Factors
  • Self Report