This study investigated olfactory lateralization and identification in right hemisphere lesion and control patients. Significant group differences were found for olfactory and trigeminal lateralization and identification on unilateral and double simultaneous stimulation. In the control group, significantly greater than chance accuracy was found for lateralization and identification, whereas in the lesion group, significantly greater than chance accuracy was found for identification but not for lateralization. Olfactory detection thresholds were found not to be significantly different between the groups.