A 61-year-old woman with decreased consciousness, myoclonus, tremors, nystagmus and bradypnoea, due to cefuroxime-induced neurotoxicity, was admitted to the intensive care unit. Continuous venovenous haemofiltration (CVVH) rapidly reduced plasma cefuroxime concentrations and improved neurological manifestations within the next few hours. Retrospective pharmacokinetic assessment showed a total cefuroxime clearance of 166 ml/min during the CVVH.