Physical Activity and Incident Hypertension in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08398

. 2017 Mar;69(3):421-427.

doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08398. Epub 2017 Jan 30.

Physical Activity and Incident Hypertension in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Affiliations

¹ From the Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (K.M.D., M.A., D.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.B., P.M.); Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (S.R.S.) and Department of Medicine (M.S.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson; South Central Mental Illness, Research, and Clinical Center and Little Rock Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, AR (P.M.D.); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (J.A.L.); and Clinical Applications and Prevention Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (N.R.). kd2442@columbia.edu.
² From the Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (K.M.D., M.A., D.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.B., P.M.); Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (S.R.S.) and Department of Medicine (M.S.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson; South Central Mental Illness, Research, and Clinical Center and Little Rock Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, AR (P.M.D.); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (J.A.L.); and Clinical Applications and Prevention Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (N.R.).

PMID: 28137988
PMCID: PMC5302780
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08398

Physical Activity and Incident Hypertension in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Keith M Diaz et al. Hypertension. 2017 Mar.

. 2017 Mar;69(3):421-427.

doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08398. Epub 2017 Jan 30.

Affiliations

¹ From the Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (K.M.D., M.A., D.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.B., P.M.); Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (S.R.S.) and Department of Medicine (M.S.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson; South Central Mental Illness, Research, and Clinical Center and Little Rock Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, AR (P.M.D.); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (J.A.L.); and Clinical Applications and Prevention Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (N.R.). kd2442@columbia.edu.
² From the Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (K.M.D., M.A., D.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.B., P.M.); Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (S.R.S.) and Department of Medicine (M.S.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson; South Central Mental Illness, Research, and Clinical Center and Little Rock Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, AR (P.M.D.); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (J.A.L.); and Clinical Applications and Prevention Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (N.R.).

PMID: 28137988
PMCID: PMC5302780
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08398

Abstract

There is limited empirical evidence to support the protective effects of physical activity in the prevention of hypertension among African Americans. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of physical activity with incident hypertension among African Americans. We studied 1311 participants without hypertension at baseline enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study, a community-based study of African Americans residing in Jackson, Mississippi. Overall physical activity, moderate-vigorous physical activity, and domain-specific physical activity (work, active living, household, and sport/exercise) were assessed by self-report during the baseline examination (2000-2004). Incident hypertension, assessed at examination 2 (2005-2008) and examination 3 (2009-2013), was defined as the first visit with systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg or self-reported antihypertensive medication use. Over a median follow-up of 8.0 years, there were 650 (49.6%) incident hypertension cases. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for incident hypertension comparing participants with intermediate and ideal versus poor levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity were 0.84 (0.67-1.05) and 0.76 (0.58-0.99), respectively (P trend=0.038). A graded, dose-response association was also present for sport/exercise-related physical activity (Quartiles 2, 3, and 4 versus Quartile 1: 0.92 [0.68-1.25], 0.87 [0.67-1.13], 0.75 [0.58-0.97], respectively; P trend=0.032). There were no statistically significant associations observed for overall physical activity, or work, active living, and household-related physical activities. In conclusion, the results of the current study suggest that regular moderate-vigorous physical activity or sport/exercise-related physical activity may reduce the risk of developing hypertension in African Americans.

Keywords: African Americans; blood pressure; exercise; hypertension; physical activity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest/Disclosures: None.

Comment in

Physical Activity and Hypertension: Knowing Is Not Enough; We Must Apply. Willing Is Not Enough; We Must Do-von Goethe.
Egan BM. Egan BM. Hypertension. 2017 Mar;69(3):404-406. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08508. Epub 2017 Jan 30. Hypertension. 2017. PMID: 28137989 No abstract available.

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References

1. Yoon SS, Carroll MD, Fryar CD. Hypertension prevalence and control among adults: United states, 2011–2014. NCHS Data Brief. 2015:1–8. - PubMed
1. Hertz RP, Unger AN, Cornell JA, Saunders E. Racial disparities in hypertension prevalence, awareness, and management. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:2098–2104. - PubMed
1. Wong MD, Shapiro MF, Boscardin WJ, Ettner SL. Contribution of major diseases to disparities in mortality. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1585–1592. - PubMed
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1. Brook RD, Appel LJ, Rubenfire M, Ogedegbe G, Bisognano JD, Elliott WJ, Fuchs FD, Hughes JW, Lackland DT, Staffileno BA, Townsend RR, Rajagopalan S, American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research CoC, Stroke Nursing CoE, Prevention, Council on Nutrition PA Beyond medications and diet: Alternative approaches to lowering blood pressure: A scientific statement from the american heart association. Hypertension. 2013;61:1360–1383. - PubMed

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[1] Yoon SS, Carroll MD, Fryar CD. Hypertension prevalence and control among adults: United states, 2011–2014. NCHS Data Brief. 2015:1–8. - PubMed

[2] Yoon SS, Carroll MD, Fryar CD. Hypertension prevalence and control among adults: United states, 2011–2014. NCHS Data Brief. 2015:1–8. - PubMed

[3] Hertz RP, Unger AN, Cornell JA, Saunders E. Racial disparities in hypertension prevalence, awareness, and management. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:2098–2104. - PubMed

[4] Hertz RP, Unger AN, Cornell JA, Saunders E. Racial disparities in hypertension prevalence, awareness, and management. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:2098–2104. - PubMed

[5] Wong MD, Shapiro MF, Boscardin WJ, Ettner SL. Contribution of major diseases to disparities in mortality. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1585–1592. - PubMed

[6] Wong MD, Shapiro MF, Boscardin WJ, Ettner SL. Contribution of major diseases to disparities in mortality. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1585–1592. - PubMed

[7] Whelton SP, Chin A, Xin X, He J. Effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:493–503. - PubMed

[8] Whelton SP, Chin A, Xin X, He J. Effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:493–503. - PubMed

[9] Brook RD, Appel LJ, Rubenfire M, Ogedegbe G, Bisognano JD, Elliott WJ, Fuchs FD, Hughes JW, Lackland DT, Staffileno BA, Townsend RR, Rajagopalan S, American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research CoC, Stroke Nursing CoE, Prevention, Council on Nutrition PA Beyond medications and diet: Alternative approaches to lowering blood pressure: A scientific statement from the american heart association. Hypertension. 2013;61:1360–1383. - PubMed

[10] Brook RD, Appel LJ, Rubenfire M, Ogedegbe G, Bisognano JD, Elliott WJ, Fuchs FD, Hughes JW, Lackland DT, Staffileno BA, Townsend RR, Rajagopalan S, American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research CoC, Stroke Nursing CoE, Prevention, Council on Nutrition PA Beyond medications and diet: Alternative approaches to lowering blood pressure: A scientific statement from the american heart association. Hypertension. 2013;61:1360–1383. - PubMed

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Physical Activity and Incident Hypertension in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Affiliations

Physical Activity and Incident Hypertension in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

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Conflict of interest statement

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