For more than 15 years, the maxillo-facial and stomatological center in Lyon has received approximately 100 cases of T.M.A.D.S. per year. The etiological basis of the symptomatology is muscular dysfunction due to malocclusion variable degree and duration. Simple radiological investigations complete the examination. Treatment aims at correcting the malocclusion, either by simple methods: dental occlusion and prosthesis, or by orthognathic orthodontic and surgical techniques. Surgery involving the temporo-mandibular joint is reserved for rare cases of condylar deformation which is often post-traumatic. Favorable results can be obtained in 85% of cases.