Antidiarrhoeal activity of eriosematin E isolated from the roots of Eriosema chinense Vogel

Satyendra K Prasad; Komal M Parmar; Chhanda C Danta; Damiki Laloo; S Hemalatha

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2016.11.022

Antidiarrhoeal activity of eriosematin E isolated from the roots of Eriosema chinense Vogel

Phytomedicine. 2017 Jan 15:24:127-133. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.11.022. Epub 2016 Dec 1.

Authors

Satyendra K Prasad¹, Komal M Parmar², Chhanda C Danta³, Damiki Laloo⁴, S Hemalatha⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
² Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
³ Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.
⁴ Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India; Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India.
⁵ Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India. Electronic address: shemalatha.phe@itbhu.ac.in.

PMID: 28160852
DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.11.022

Abstract

Background: Roots of the plant Eriosema chinense Vogel (Fabaceae) is distributed mainly over the Eastern Himalayan region of India and China. The roots of the plant are used as a vegetable by the people of Northern Australia, China and North East India and are used traditionally by the tribal people of Meghalaya (India) for the treatment of diarrhoea. It has been reported to have significant antidiarrhoeal, cytotoxic and antimycobacterial activity.

Purpose/objective: The present investigation was undertaken to isolate a lead molecule responsible for the observed antidiarrhoeal activity.

Methods: Eriosematin E, a prenylated flavanone, was isolated using column chromatography and was characterized by comparing its melting point and spectroscopic data (UV, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, Mass Spectra) from literature. Eriosematin E (2.5, 5 and 10mg/kg p.o.) was then screened for normal faecal excretion rate and castor oil-induced diarrhoea models in rats. Further, it was examined for small intestinal transit, intestinal fluid accumulation and PGE₂ induced enteropooling models in rats. Biochemical estimations and Na⁺ and K⁺ concentration in intestinal fluid were also determined along with colonic histopathological studies.

Results: The results illustrated a significant (P< 0.05) reduction in normal faecal output at 10mg/kg p.o. after 5th and 7thh of treatment and also showed maximum protection of 69.43% from diarrhoea in the castor oil-induced diarrhoea model. Significant results were also observed at the maximum effective dose of eriosematin E (10mg/kg p.o.) in inhibiting peristaltic index (small intestinal transit) and reducing intestinal fluid volume of castor oil induced and PGE₂ induced enteropooling models. Further, eriosematin E restored all the alterations in biochemical parameters such as nitric oxide, protein, DNA, superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation. It also significantly recovered Na⁺ and K⁺ loss from body and confirmed its protective nature through the histopathological studies.

Conclusion: The study corroborates the antidiarrhoeal potential of eriosematin E which may be attributed to its antisecretory and antioxidant potential.

Keywords: Antidiarrhoeal activity; Castor oil induced diarrhoea; Eriosema chinense; Eriosematin E; Nitric oxide; Normal faecal output.

MeSH terms

Animals
Antidiarrheals / therapeutic use*
Diarrhea / drug therapy*
Fabaceae / chemistry*
Flavanones / therapeutic use*
India
Intestines / drug effects*
Male
Phytotherapy
Plant Extracts / pharmacology
Plant Extracts / therapeutic use*
Plant Roots / chemistry*
Plants, Medicinal / chemistry
Rats

Substances

Antidiarrheals
Flavanones
Plant Extracts