Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2001;4(1):6.
doi: 10.12942/lrr-2001-6. Epub 2001 Jul 9.

The Thermodynamics of Black Holes

Affiliations
Review

The Thermodynamics of Black Holes

Robert M Wald. Living Rev Relativ. 2001.

Abstract

We review the present status of black hole thermodynamics. Our review includes discussion of classical black hole thermodynamics, Hawking radiation from black holes, the generalized second law, and the issue of entropy bounds. A brief survey also is given of approaches to the calculation of black hole entropy. We conclude with a discussion of some unresolved open issues.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Aizenman M, Lieb EH. The Third Law of Thermodynamics and the Degeneracy of the Ground State for Lattice Systems. J. Stat. Phys. 1981;24:279–297. doi: 10.1007/BF01007649. - DOI
    1. Anderson W. Does the GSL Imply an Entropy Bound? In: Pullin J, editor. Matters of Gravity. 1999.
    1. Ashtekar A, Baez J, Corichi A, Krasnov K. Quantum Geometry and Black Hole Entropy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1998;80:904–907. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.904. - DOI
    1. Ashtekar A, Beetle C, Dreyer O, Fairhurst S, Krishnan B, Lewandowski J, Wisniewski J. Generic Isolated Horizons and their Applications. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2000;85:3564–3567. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.3564. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ashtekar A, Beetle C, Fairhurst S. Isolated Horizons: A Generalization of Black Hole Mechanics. Class. Quantum Grav. 1999;16:L1–L7. doi: 10.1088/0264-9381/16/2/027. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources