New Concepts and Mechanisms of Platelet Activation Signaling

Physiology (Bethesda). 2017 Mar;32(2):162-177. doi: 10.1152/physiol.00020.2016.

Abstract

Upon blood vessel injury, platelets are exposed to adhesive proteins in the vascular wall and soluble agonists, which initiate platelet activation, leading to formation of hemostatic thrombi. Pathological activation of platelets can induce occlusive thrombosis, resulting in ischemic events such as heart attack and stroke, which are leading causes of death globally. Platelet activation requires intracellular signal transduction initiated by platelet receptors for adhesion proteins and soluble agonists. Whereas many platelet activation signaling pathways have been established for many years, significant recent progress reveals much more complex and sophisticated signaling and amplification networks. With the discovery of new receptor signaling pathways and regulatory networks, some of the long-standing concepts of platelet signaling have been challenged. This review provides an overview of the new developments and concepts in platelet activation signaling.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Platelets / metabolism
  • Blood Platelets / physiology*
  • Cyclic GMP / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / metabolism
  • Integrins / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Platelet Activation*
  • Platelet Adhesiveness
  • Signal Transduction*
  • Thrombosis / metabolism

Substances

  • Integrins
  • Cyclic GMP