Ocular Manifestation of a Cervical Spine Injury: An Adult Case of Traumatic Atlantoaxial Rotatory Subluxation Manifesting with Nystagmus

World Neurosurg. 2017 May:101:817.e1-817.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.02.064. Epub 2017 Feb 22.

Abstract

Background: Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation (AARS) is a rare type of traumatic cervical spine injury in adults, commonly manifesting with painful torticollis and suboccipital headache. Early diagnosis is mandatory to avoid catastrophic consequences. We report a rare case of a patient with AARS who presented with nystagmus due to rotational vertebral artery occlusion.

Case description: A 35-year-old man was evaluated in the emergency department after falling from 9-m height. In the intensive care unit, left-sided torticollis and nystagmus were noted in the patient. Reassessment of the patient with cervical computed tomography scans revealed AARS type 1. After applying cervical traction and confirmation of partial reduction, the nystagmus resolved, and treatment was continued with posterior C1-2 fusion.

Conclusions: Careful neurologic examination is of paramount importance in diagnosis and management of cervical spine injuries. Nystagmus, as a well-known manifestation of rotational vertebral artery syndrome, can be the presenting symptom of AARS.

Keywords: Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation; Nystagmus; Vertebral artery.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Atlanto-Axial Joint / diagnostic imaging
  • Atlanto-Axial Joint / injuries
  • Atlanto-Axial Joint / surgery*
  • Cervical Vertebrae / diagnostic imaging
  • Cervical Vertebrae / injuries*
  • Cervical Vertebrae / surgery
  • Humans
  • Joint Dislocations / complications
  • Joint Dislocations / diagnostic imaging
  • Joint Dislocations / surgery*
  • Male
  • Nystagmus, Pathologic / diagnostic imaging
  • Nystagmus, Pathologic / etiology
  • Nystagmus, Pathologic / surgery*
  • Rotation / adverse effects
  • Spinal Cord Injuries / complications
  • Spinal Cord Injuries / diagnostic imaging
  • Spinal Cord Injuries / surgery*
  • Spinal Fusion / methods
  • Traction / methods