Abstract
Neoagaro-oligosaccharides derived from agarose have been demonstrated to possess a variety of biological activities, such as anti-bacteria and anti-oxidative activities. In this study, we mainly explored the inhibitory effects and the mechanisms of neoagaro-oligosaccharide monomers against LPS-induced inflammatory responses in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. The results indicated that neoagaro-oligosaccharide monomers especially neoagarotetraose could significantly reduce the production and release of NO in LPS-induced macrophages. Neoagarotetraose significantly suppressed the expression and secretion of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. The inhibition mechanisms may be associated with the inhibition of the activation of p38MAPK, Ras/MEK/ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Thus, neoagarotetraose may attenuate the inflammatory responses through downregulating the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In summary, the marine-derived neoagaro-oligosaccharide monomers merit further investigation as novel anti-inflammation agents in the future.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
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Carbohydrate Sequence
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / genetics
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / metabolism
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Galactosides / pharmacology*
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Interleukin-6 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Interleukin-6 / genetics
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Interleukin-6 / metabolism
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Lipopolysaccharides / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
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MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
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MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / genetics
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MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / metabolism
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Mice
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NF-kappa B / antagonists & inhibitors*
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NF-kappa B / genetics
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NF-kappa B / metabolism
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Nitric Oxide / antagonists & inhibitors
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Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / antagonists & inhibitors
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / genetics
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism
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Oligosaccharides / pharmacology*
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RAW 264.7 Cells
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Signal Transduction
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / antagonists & inhibitors
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
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ras Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
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ras Proteins / genetics
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ras Proteins / metabolism
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Galactosides
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IL6 protein, human
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Interleukin-6
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Lipopolysaccharides
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NF-kappa B
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Oligosaccharides
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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neoagarotetraose
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Nitric Oxide
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
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Nos2 protein, mouse
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases
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ras Proteins