Determinants of preferences for lifestyle changes versus medication and beliefs in ability to maintain lifestyle changes. A population-based survey

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.02.010

. 2017 Feb 16:6:66-73.

doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.02.010. eCollection 2017 Jun.

Determinants of preferences for lifestyle changes versus medication and beliefs in ability to maintain lifestyle changes. A population-based survey

Dorte Ejg Jarbøl¹, Pia Veldt Larsen², Dorte Gyrd-Hansen³, Jens Søndergaard¹, Carl Brandt¹, Anja Leppin⁴, Benedicte Lind Barfoed¹, Jesper Bo Nielsen¹

Affiliations

¹ Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
² Research Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
³ COHERE, Department of Public Health & Department of Business and Economics, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
⁴ Unit for Health Promotion Research, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9, DK-6700 Esbjerg, Denmark.

PMID: 28271023
PMCID: PMC5331161
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.02.010

Determinants of preferences for lifestyle changes versus medication and beliefs in ability to maintain lifestyle changes. A population-based survey

Dorte Ejg Jarbøl et al. Prev Med Rep. 2017.

. 2017 Feb 16:6:66-73.

doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.02.010. eCollection 2017 Jun.

Authors

Dorte Ejg Jarbøl¹, Pia Veldt Larsen², Dorte Gyrd-Hansen³, Jens Søndergaard¹, Carl Brandt¹, Anja Leppin⁴, Benedicte Lind Barfoed¹, Jesper Bo Nielsen¹

Affiliations

¹ Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
² Research Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
³ COHERE, Department of Public Health & Department of Business and Economics, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
⁴ Unit for Health Promotion Research, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9, DK-6700 Esbjerg, Denmark.

PMID: 28271023
PMCID: PMC5331161
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.02.010

Abstract

Preferences for medication treatment versus lifestyle changes are of major importance in the management of chronic diseases. This study aims to investigate determinants of preference for lifestyle changes versus medication for prevention of cardiovascular disease as well as determinants of respondents' beliefs in their ability to maintain lifestyle changes. A representative sample of 40-60-year old Danish inhabitants was in 2012 invited to a survey and were asked to imagine that they had been diagnosed as being at increased risk of heart disease. Subsequently they were presented with a choice between a preventive medical intervention versus lifestyle change. The study population for the present paper comprises 1069 participants. A total of 962 participants preferred lifestyle changes to medication treatment. Significant determinants for preferring lifestyle changes were female gender and high level of physical activity. Significant determinants for not opting for lifestyle changes were being self-employed, poor self-rated health and smoking. Low educational attainment, lifestyle risk factors, self-reported health-related challenges and prior experience with heart disease were associated with a low belief in ability to maintain lifestyle changes. For conclusion we found a pervasive preference for lifestyle changes over medical treatment when individuals were promised the same benefits. Lifestyle risk factors and socioeconomic characteristics were associated with preference for lifestyle changes as well as belief in ability to maintain lifestyle changes. For health professionals risk communication should not only focus on patient preferences but also on patients' beliefs in their own ability to initiate lifestyle changes and possible barriers against maintaining changes.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Determinants; Lifestyle; Population survey; Preventive treatment; Risk communication.

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References

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[1] Rothman A.J.B., S. A., Hertel A.W. Self-regulation and behavior change. Disentangling behavioral initiation and behavioral maintenance. In: Baumeister R., V K., editors. Handbook of Self-regulation: Research, Theory and Applications. Guildford Press; New York: 2004. pp. 130–148.

[2] Rothman A.J.B., S. A., Hertel A.W. Self-regulation and behavior change. Disentangling behavioral initiation and behavioral maintenance. In: Baumeister R., V K., editors. Handbook of Self-regulation: Research, Theory and Applications. Guildford Press; New York: 2004. pp. 130–148.

[3] Anderson E.S., Winett R.A., Wojcik J.R. Self-regulation, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and social support: social cognitive theory and nutrition behavior. Ann. Behav. Med. 2007;34(3):304–312. - PubMed

[4] Anderson E.S., Winett R.A., Wojcik J.R. Self-regulation, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and social support: social cognitive theory and nutrition behavior. Ann. Behav. Med. 2007;34(3):304–312. - PubMed

[5] Bandura A. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychol. Rev. 1977;84(2):191–215. - PubMed

[6] Bandura A. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychol. Rev. 1977;84(2):191–215. - PubMed

[7] Barfoed B.L., Paulsen M.S., Christensen P.M. Associations between patients' risk attitude and their adherence to statin treatment - a population based questionnaire and register study. BMC Fam. Pract. 2016;17:28. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Barfoed B.L., Paulsen M.S., Christensen P.M. Associations between patients' risk attitude and their adherence to statin treatment - a population based questionnaire and register study. BMC Fam. Pract. 2016;17:28. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Biswas A., Oh P.I., Faulkner G.E. Sedentary time and its association with risk for disease incidence, mortality, and hospitalization in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann. Intern. Med. 2015;162(2):123–132. - PubMed

[10] Biswas A., Oh P.I., Faulkner G.E. Sedentary time and its association with risk for disease incidence, mortality, and hospitalization in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann. Intern. Med. 2015;162(2):123–132. - PubMed

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Determinants of preferences for lifestyle changes versus medication and beliefs in ability to maintain lifestyle changes. A population-based survey

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Determinants of preferences for lifestyle changes versus medication and beliefs in ability to maintain lifestyle changes. A population-based survey

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