213Bi-Labeled Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeting Agents Induce DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Prostate Cancer Xenografts

Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2017 Mar;32(2):67-73. doi: 10.1089/cbr.2016.2155.

Abstract

Background: Up to now, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radionuclide therapy mainly focused on β-emitting radionuclides. Herein, two new 213Bi-labeled agents for PSMA-targeted α therapy of prostate cancer (PCa) are reported.

Methods: The biodistribution of 213Bi-labeled small-molecule inhibitor PSMA I&T and nanobody JVZ-008 was evaluated in mice bearing PSMA-positive LNCaP xenografts. DNA damage response was followed using LNCaP cells and LNCaP xenografts.

Results: In vitro, 213Bi-PSMA I&T and 213Bi-JVZ-008 therapy of LNCaP cells led to increased number of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), detected as 53BP1 and γH2AX nuclear foci. In vivo, tumor uptake of 213Bi-PSMA I&T and 213Bi-JVZ-008 was 5.75% ± 2.70%ID/g (injected dose per gram) and 2.68% ± 0.56%ID/g, respectively, with similar tumor-to-kidney ratios. Furthermore, both agents induced in vivo DSBs in the tumors, which were detected between 1 hour and 24 hours after injection. 213Bi-PSMA I&T induced significantly more DSBs than 213Bi-JVZ-008 (p < 0.01).

Conclusions: 213Bi-PSMA I&T and 213Bi-JVZ-008 showed efficient and rapid tumor targeting and produced DSBs in PSMA-expressing LNCaP cells and xenografts. These promising results require further evaluation of 213Bi-labeled agents with regard to their therapeutic efficacy and toxicity for PCa therapy.

Keywords: Bi-213; PSMA; prostate cancer; radionuclide therapy; targeted α therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bismuth / chemistry*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Neoplasm Transplantation
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / chemistry*
  • Radioisotopes / chemistry*
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Radioisotopes
  • PSMA1 protein, human
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
  • Bismuth