Methionine restriction alters bone morphology and affects osteoblast differentiation

Amadou Ouattara; Diana Cooke; Raj Gopalakrishnan; Tsang-Hai Huang; Gene P Ables

doi:10.1016/j.bonr.2016.02.002

Methionine restriction alters bone morphology and affects osteoblast differentiation

Bone Rep. 2016 Feb 11:5:33-42. doi: 10.1016/j.bonr.2016.02.002. eCollection 2016 Dec.

Authors

Amadou Ouattara¹, Diana Cooke¹, Raj Gopalakrishnan², Tsang-Hai Huang³, Gene P Ables¹

Affiliations

¹ Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc, 855 Route 301, Cold Spring, NY 10516, USA.
² School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
³ Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.

Abstract

Methionine restriction (MR) extends the lifespan of a wide variety of species, including rodents, drosophila, nematodes, and yeasts. MR has also been demonstrated to affect the overall growth of mice and rats. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of MR on bone structure in young and aged male and female C57BL/6J mice. This study indicated that MR affected the growth rates of males and young females, but not aged females. MR reduced volumetric bone mass density (vBMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), while bone microarchitecture parameters were decreased in males and young females, but not in aged females compared to control-fed (CF) mice. However, when adjusted for bodyweight, the effect of MR in reducing vBMD, BMC and microarchitecture measurements was either attenuated or reversed suggesting that the smaller bones in MR mice is appropriate for its body size. In addition, CF and MR mice had similar intrinsic strength properties as measured by nanoindentation. Plasma biomarkers suggested that the low bone mass in MR mice could be due to increased collagen degradation, which may be influenced by leptin, IGF-1, adiponectin and FGF21 hormone levels. Mouse preosteoblast cell line cultured under low sulfur amino acid growth media attenuated gene expression levels of Col1al, Runx2, Bglap, Alpl and Spp1 suggesting delayed collagen formation and bone differentiation. Collectively, our studies revealed that MR altered bone morphology which could be mediated by delays in osteoblast differentiation.

Keywords: Aged mice; BMC, bone mineral content; BS, bone surface; BV, bone volume; CF, control-fed; CTX-1, C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen; Conn.Dn., connectivity density; FGF21, fibroblast growth factor-21; HFD, high-fat diet; HHCy, hyperhomocysteinemia; IDI, indentation depth increase; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; Imax, maximal MOI; Imin, minimal MOI; LPD, low protein diet; MC3T3-E1 subclone 4; MOI, moment of inertia; MR, methionine restriction; Methionine restriction; Micro-computed tomography; Nanoindentation; OC, osteocalcin; OPG, osteoprotegerin; P1NP, N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen; RANKL, receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand; SMI, structure model index; TV, total volume; Tb.N, trabecular number; Tb.Sp, trabecular separation; Tb.Th, trabecular thickness; pMOI, polar MOI; vBMD, volumetric bone mass density; μCT, micro-computed tomography.