Ventricular arrhythmias in patients with newly diagnosed nonischemic cardiomyopathy: Insights from the PROLONG study

Clin Cardiol. 2017 Aug;40(8):586-590. doi: 10.1002/clc.22706. Epub 2017 Mar 23.

Abstract

Background: Patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) reportedly have low incidence of appropriate shocks from wearable cardioverter-defibrillators (WCDs). A recent study questions the benefit from primary preventive implantation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in NICM. We therefore analyzed a subgroup of patients with NICM from the PROLONG study.

Hypothesis: Patients with newly diagnosed NICM show a risk for ventricular tachyarrhythmia.

Methods: The PROLONG study included 167 patients with newly diagnosed heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35% with a WCD. Patients with NICM were identified and included in this analysis.

Results: 117 patients presented with NICM. Sixty-five (55%) were male; mean age was 51 ± 15 years. Mean LVEF at diagnosis was 23% ± 7%. Mean follow-up was 11 ± 10 months. Mean WCD wear time was 101 ± 82 days; mean wear time per day was 21.4 ± 4.5 hours. Overall, 12 ventricular arrhythmias occurred in 10 (9%) patients (6 DCM, 4 PPCM). Nine appropriate WCD shocks for hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation in 8 (7%) patients were observed. Two patients presented sustained hemodynamically stable ventricular tachycardia for >30 minutes detected by the WCD, but withheld WCD therapy.

Conclusions: Patients with newly diagnosed NICM and LVEF ≤35% show an elevated risk of ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation during initiation and optimization of heart failure therapy. To prevent sudden cardiac death, WCD should be considered in patients with newly diagnosed NICM with severely reduced LVEF.

Keywords: Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy; Sudden Cardiac Death; Ventricular Arrhythmia; Wearable Cardioverter-Defibrillator.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cardiomyopathies / complications
  • Cardiomyopathies / diagnosis
  • Cardiomyopathies / physiopathology
  • Cardiomyopathies / therapy*
  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac / etiology
  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac / prevention & control
  • Defibrillators, Implantable*
  • Electric Countershock / adverse effects*
  • Electric Countershock / instrumentation
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / etiology
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology
  • Heart Failure / therapy
  • Heart Rate
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke Volume
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / diagnosis
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / etiology
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / physiopathology
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / prevention & control*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / etiology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / therapy
  • Ventricular Fibrillation / diagnosis
  • Ventricular Fibrillation / etiology
  • Ventricular Fibrillation / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Fibrillation / prevention & control*
  • Ventricular Function, Left