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Review
. 2016 Feb 1;6(2):26.
doi: 10.3390/nano6020026.

Manufacturing Techniques and Surface Engineering of Polymer Based Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery to Cancer

Yichao Wang  1   2 , Puwang Li  3   4 , Thao Truong-Dinh Tran  5   6 , Juan Zhang  7 , Lingxue Kong  8
Affiliations
Free PMC article
Review

Manufacturing Techniques and Surface Engineering of Polymer Based Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery to Cancer

Yichao Wang et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .
Free PMC article

Abstract

The evolution of polymer based nanoparticles as a drug delivery carrier via pharmaceutical nano/microencapsulation has greatly promoted the development of nano- and micro-medicine in the past few decades. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan, which are biodegradable and biocompatible polymers, have been approved by both the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicine Agency (EMA), making them ideal biomaterials that can be advanced from laboratory development to clinical oral and parental administrations. PLGA and chitosan encapsulated nanoparticles (NPs) have successfully been developed as new oral drug delivery systems with demonstrated high efficacy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the fabrication of PLGA and chitosan particulate systems using nano/microencapsulation methods, the current progress and the future outlooks of the nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. Especially, we focus on the formulations and nano/micro-encapsulation techniques using top-down techniques. It also addresses how the different phases including the organic and aqueous ones in the emulsion system interact with each other and subsequently influence the properties of the drug delivery system. Besides, surface modification strategies which can effectively engineer intrinsic physicochemical properties are summarised. Finally, future perspectives and potential directions of PLGA and chitosan nano/microencapsulated drug systems are outlined.

Keywords: PLGA; chitosan; drug delivery; nano/microencapsulation; nanoparticles; top-down fabrication techniques.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Preparation of nanocapsules by emulsion diffusion method.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Preparation of nanoparticles (NPs) by salting out method.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Preparation of NPs by nanoprecipitation method.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Preparation of NPs by emulsion evaporation method.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Preparation of chitosan NPs by ion gelation technology.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Preparation of chitosan NPs by reverse micellar method.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Preparation of chitosan particulate systems by spray drying method.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Preparation of chitosan NPs by coacervation/precipitation method.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Schematic maps of chitosan modified poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) by (a) physical adsorption method and (b) chemical binding method. Reproduced with permission of [45]. Copyright Springer, 2016.
Figure 10
Figure 10
(a) Formation of the PLGA-1, 3-diaminopropane-folic acid targeting drug delivery system. (b) Classification of targeting drug delivery system.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Schematic diagram of treatment chamber for gas plasma polymerization.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Preparation of galactosylated chitosan (GC).
Figure 13
Figure 13
Preparation of N-(2-hydroxyl)propyl-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC).
Figure 14
Figure 14
Schematic representative of preparation of O-(2-hydroxyl)propyl-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (O-HTCC).
Figure 15
Figure 15
Preparation of thiolated chitosan.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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