Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

McKenzie L Ritter; Wei Guo; Jack F Samuels; Ying Wang; Paul S Nestadt; Janice Krasnow; Benjamin D Greenberg; Abby J Fyer; James T McCracken; Daniel A Geller; Dennis L Murphy; James A Knowles; Marco A Grados; Mark A Riddle; Steven A Rasmussen; Nicole C McLaughlin; Erika L Nurmi; Kathleen D Askland; Bernadette Cullen; John Piacentini; David L Pauls; Joseph Bienvenu; Evelyn Stewart; Fernando S Goes; Brion Maher; Ann E Pulver; Manuel Mattheisen; Ji Qian; Gerald Nestadt; Yin Yao Shugart

doi:10.3389/fnmol.2017.00083

Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Front Mol Neurosci. 2017 Mar 23:10:83. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00083. eCollection 2017.

Authors

McKenzie L Ritter¹, Wei Guo¹, Jack F Samuels², Ying Wang², Paul S Nestadt³, Janice Krasnow², Benjamin D Greenberg⁴, Abby J Fyer⁵, James T McCracken⁶, Daniel A Geller⁷, Dennis L Murphy⁸, James A Knowles⁹, Marco A Grados², Mark A Riddle², Steven A Rasmussen⁴, Nicole C McLaughlin⁴, Erika L Nurmi⁶, Kathleen D Askland⁴, Bernadette Cullen², John Piacentini⁶, David L Pauls⁷, Joseph Bienvenu², Evelyn Stewart¹⁰, Fernando S Goes², Brion Maher³, Ann E Pulver², Manuel Mattheisen¹¹, Ji Qian¹², Gerald Nestadt², Yin Yao Shugart¹

Affiliations

¹ Unit on Statistical Genomics, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Bethesda, MD, USA.
² Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA.
³ Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore, MD, USA.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada.
⁵ New York State Psychiatric Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University New York, NY, USA.
⁶ Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁷ Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA.
⁸ Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁹ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada.
¹¹ Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrated Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public HealthBoston, MA, USA; Department of Genomic Mathematics, University of BonnBonn, Germany.
¹² State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Life Science Institutes, Fudan University Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify any potential genetic overlap between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). We hypothesized that since these disorders share a sub-phenotype, they may share common risk alleles. In this manuscript, we report the overlap found between these two disorders. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted between ADHD and OCD, and polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated for both disorders. In addition, a protein-protein analysis was completed in order to examine the interactions between proteins; p-values for the protein-protein interaction analysis was calculated using permutation. Conclusion: None of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reached genome wide significance and there was little evidence of genetic overlap between ADHD and OCD.

Keywords: ADHD; GWAS; OCD; eQTL; meta-analysis; polygenic score; protein-protein link analysis.

Grants and funding

T32 MH014592/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States