Surgical management of ectopic ureters in dogs: Clinical outcome and prognostic factors for long-term continence

Vet Surg. 2017 Jul;46(5):631-641. doi: 10.1111/vsu.12654. Epub 2017 Apr 8.

Abstract

Objective: To determine outcomes after surgical correction of ectopic ureters (EU) and identify prognostic factors for long-term continence.

Study design: Retrospective study.

Animals: Forty-seven dogs (36 females and 11 males).

Methods: Medical records (1999-2016) of dogs with surgical correction of EU were reviewed. A continence score (1 = incontinent, 2 = sporadic incontinence, 3 = continent) was attributed preoperatively, at discharge, 1 month postoperatively, and at long-term evaluation.

Results: Twenty-eight dogs had unilateral and 19 dogs had bilateral EU (57 intramural and 9 extramural). Nineteen dogs had a pelvic bladder. Neoureterostomy with dissection (n = 50), ureteroneocystotomy (n = 9), or nephroureterectomy (n = 7) were performed. Thirty-three dogs were neutered: 32 before or during the surgery and 1 after surgery. Colposuspension was performed during surgical correction in 15 dogs. Adjuvant medical treatment improved postoperative continence scores. Median continence scores were greater at discharge (3), at 1 month postoperatively (3), and at long-term evaluation (3) than before surgery (1). At long-term evaluation (mean 46.1 months), a score of 1 was observed in 19%, a score of 2 in 7%, and a score of 3 in 74% of the dogs.

Conclusion: Overall, good (score 2) to excellent (score 3) long-term outcome was achieved in 81% of dogs. Long-term continence was improved with medical treatment and neutering was not associated with an increased risk of recurrence of incontinence in this population of dogs.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Dog Diseases / surgery*
  • Dogs
  • Female
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ureter / abnormalities*
  • Ureter / surgery
  • Urinary Incontinence / surgery
  • Urinary Incontinence / veterinary*
  • Urologic Surgical Procedures / veterinary*