Preparation and Characterization of Pistacia khinjuk Gum Nanoparticles Using Response Surface Method: Evaluation of Its Anti-Bacterial Performance and Cytotoxicity

Ali Fattahi; Tahereh Sakvand; Marziyeh Hajialyani; Behzad Shahbazi; Mohammad Shakiba; Ahmad Tajehmiri; Ebrahim Shakiba

doi:10.15171/apb.2017.020

Preparation and Characterization of Pistacia khinjuk Gum Nanoparticles Using Response Surface Method: Evaluation of Its Anti-Bacterial Performance and Cytotoxicity

Adv Pharm Bull. 2017 Apr;7(1):159-164. doi: 10.15171/apb.2017.020. Epub 2017 Apr 13.

Authors

Ali Fattahi^{1

2

3}, Tahereh Sakvand⁴, Marziyeh Hajialyani³, Behzad Shahbazi², Mohammad Shakiba⁵, Ahmad Tajehmiri¹, Ebrahim Shakiba⁶

Affiliations

¹ Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
² Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
³ Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁴ Department of Medicinal plants, Kermanshah Jahade-Daneshgahi, Institute of Higher Education, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁵ Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁶ Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to prepare a novel, natural nanoparticle (NP) as a drug carrier, which also has inherent therapeutic effects. Methods: Pistacia khinjuk gum NPs were prepared and Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for statistical analysis of data and optimizing the size of NPs. Results: NPs were in the range of 75.85-241.3 nm. The optimization study was carried out, and an optimized size (70.86nm) was obtained using DMSO as a solvent. The volume of the organic phase was 111.25µl, and the concentration of gum was 1% w/v. The cell viability assay was performed on the pure gum and NPs toward β-TC₃, MCF7, and HT29 cell lines. It was observed that NPs have higher cytotoxic activity in comparison with pure gum, and that the IC₅₀value was achieved at 1% of NPs in β-TC3 cells. The obtained NPs demonstrated antibacterial activity against two bacterial strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus). Conclusion: Altogether, according to the obtained results, these NPs with inherent cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity are an attractive carrier for drug delivery.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Cytotoxicity; Nanoparticle; Pistacia Khinjuk; Response Surface Model.