Clinical and radiographic outcomes of immediate and delayed placement of dental implants in molar and premolar regions

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine clinical and radiographic outcomes of immediate and delayed placement of dental implants in molar and premolar regions.

Materials and methods: Clinical and radiographic records of 116 patients who received implants in molar and premolar regions were included in this study. After implantation, patients were recalled for assessments at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and every year thereafter. In addition, anatomic location, type of prosthesis, gender, stage, diameter, and length of implants were analyzed.

Results: Of these 116 patients, 55 were males, and 61 were females. Their mean age was 50.9 years. They received 85 immediate implants and 147 delayed implants in molar and premolar regions. Gender, type of prosthesis, stage, implant diameter, and implant length were not significantly different between the immediate placement group and the delayed placement group, although anatomic locations were significantly different between the 2 groups. Their mean follow up time after dental implantation was 3 years (range, 6 months to 9 years). Kaplan-Meier survival estimates showed 97.8% probability of survival up to 9 years in the delayed placement group and 100% probability of survival up to 8 years in the immediate placement group. There was no significant difference in implant survival according to the time of implantation. No significant difference in cervical bone loss (CBL) at the mesial or distal side was found between the 2 groups. CBL according to anatomic location, the type of prosthesis, or gender was not significantly different either between the 2 groups. However, CBL at distal side of 1-stage approach was significantly (P < .05) smaller in the delayed placement group than that in the immediate placement group.

Conclusion: This study showed that immediate dental implantation in molar and premolar regions had good clinical and radiographic outcomes.

Keywords: cervical bone loss; immediate implantation; molar and premolar region.