Metrics Beyond Hemoglobin A1C in Diabetes Management: Time in Range, Hypoglycemia, and Other Parameters

Lorena Alarcon-Casas Wright; Irl B Hirsch

doi:10.1089/dia.2017.0029

Metrics Beyond Hemoglobin A1C in Diabetes Management: Time in Range, Hypoglycemia, and Other Parameters

Diabetes Technol Ther. 2017 May;19(S2):S16-S26. doi: 10.1089/dia.2017.0029.

Authors

Lorena Alarcon-Casas Wright¹, Irl B Hirsch¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington Medical Center/Roosevelt , Seattle, Washington.

Abstract

We review clinical instances in which A1C should not be used and reflect on the use of other glucose metrics that can be used, in substitution of or in combination with A1C and SMBG, to tailor an individualized approach that will result in better outcomes and patient empowerment.

Keywords: Continuous glucose monitoring; Flash-continuous glucose monitoring; Glucose metrics; Glycemic biomarkers.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / methods
Diabetes Complications / diagnosis*
Diabetes Complications / etiology
Diabetes Mellitus / blood*
Diabetes Mellitus / therapy
Disease Management*
Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis*
Humans
Hypoglycemia / diagnosis*
Hypoglycemia / etiology
Time Factors

Substances

Glycated Hemoglobin
hemoglobin A1c protein, human