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. 2017 May 17;12(5):e0177993.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177993. eCollection 2017.

Different adaptation strategies of two citrus scion/rootstock combinations in response to drought stress

Joadson Dutra de Souza  1 , Edson Mario de Andrade Silva  1 , Mauricio Antônio Coelho Filho  2 , Raphaël Morillon  3 , Diego Bonatto  4 , Fabienne Micheli  1   3 , Abelmon da Silva Gesteira  2
Affiliations

Different adaptation strategies of two citrus scion/rootstock combinations in response to drought stress

Joadson Dutra de Souza et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Scion/rootstock interaction is important for plant development and for breeding programs. In this context, polyploid rootstocks presented several advantages, mainly in relation to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here we analyzed the response to drought of two different scion/rootstock combinations presenting different polyploidy: the diploid (2x) and autotetraploid (4x) Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia, Osbeck) rootstocks grafted with 2x Valencia Delta sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) scions, named V/2xRL and V/4xRL, respectively. Based on previous gene expression data, we developed an interactomic approach to identify proteins involved in V/2xRL and V/4xRL response to drought. A main interactomic network containing 3,830 nodes and 97,652 edges was built from V/2xRL and V/4xRL data. Exclusive proteins of the V/2xRL and V/4xRL networks (2,056 and 1,001, respectively), as well as common to both networks (773) were identified. Functional clusters were obtained and two models of drought stress response for the V/2xRL and V/4xRL genotypes were designed. Even if the V/2xRL plant implement some tolerance mechanisms, the global plant response to drought was rapid and quickly exhaustive resulting in a general tendency to dehydration avoidance, which presented some advantage in short and strong drought stress conditions, but which, in long terms, does not allow the plant survival. At the contrary, the V/4xRL plants presented a response which strong impacts on development but that present some advantages in case of prolonged drought. Finally, some specific proteins, which presented high centrality on interactomic analysis were identified as good candidates for subsequent functional analysis of citrus genes related to drought response, as well as be good markers of one or another physiological mechanism implemented by the plants.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Scheme of the data mining from gene expression to the identification of the main biological processes from V/2xRL and V/4xRL.
A. Venn diagram from A. thaliana proteins orthologous of the V/2xRL and V/4xRL sequences differentially expressed [20]. Bold-italic and normal style indicate proteins corresponding to up-regulated and down-regulated genes, respectively. B. PPI network characteristics. C. Main PPI network corresponding to the union of the V/2xRL and V/4xRL specific networks. D. Venn diagram of the V/2xRL and V/4xRL specific PPI networks. The main metabolic processes were indicated with the corresponding e-value and amount of associated proteins (under parenthesis).
Fig 2
Fig 2. Functional clusters obtained from the general PPI network presented in the Fig 1C.
Only the functions corresponding to the majority of the proteins involved were indicated. A. Cellular processes including protein catabolism and proteolysis ubiquitin-dependent. B. Metabolic processes including oxidative stress and photosynthesis. C. Phosphorylation and signaling pathway, and trehalose metabolic process. D. Nucleic metabolic process, transcription and gene expression, and RNA processing. E. Translation initiation and response to chemical, wounding and endogenous and exogenous stimulus. F. Lipid metabolic process, steroid, sterol and terpenoid biosynthesis processes. G. Protein metabolic process and translation. H. Response and signaling to cytokinin, regulation of ethylene mediated signaling pathway, negative regulation of two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay). I. Cellular organization, regulation of cell cycle, membrane fusion and cellular component assembly, and transcription initiation. J. Organelle organization and glycolipid and galactolipid biosynthetic processes.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Model of metabolic pathways of V/2xRL subjected to drought according to transcriptomic and interactomic data.
Numbers 1 to 6 correspond to cytoplasm, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, mitochondrion, vacuole, respectively. Color scale represents the gene fold change: repression is indicated in red scale while overexpression is indicated in blue scale.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Model of metabolic pathways of V/4xRL subjected to drought according to transcriptomic and interactomic analysis.
Numbers 1 to 6 correspond to cytoplasm, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, mitochondrion, vacuole, respectively. Color scale represents the gene fold change: repression is indicated in red scale while overexpression is indicated in blue scale.
Fig 5
Fig 5. Scheme of the scion response to drought in each scion/rootstock combination (V/2xRL vs V/4xRL).
+++: presence/high level;- - -: absence/low level; ≠: differential level.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Grants and funding

This study was funded by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Joadson Dutra de Souza Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (ICB), Edson Mario de Andrade Silva Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Dr Diego Bonatto, Dr Fabienne Micheli, Dr Abelmon da Silva Gesteira). This work was made in the frame of the Consortium International in Advanced Biology (CIBA). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.