Retinal Vascular Occlusion Secondary to Retrobulbar Injection: Case Report and Literature Review

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jan-Mar;24(1):57-60. doi: 10.4103/meajo.MEAJO_37_16.

Abstract

Retrobulbar injection has been widely practiced as a technique of ocular anesthesia for many decades. Nevertheless, the technique is not free from complications. Vascular occlusion secondary to retrobulbar injection is rare but can be vision threatening. We report a case series of two such patients who presented with poor vision following retrobulbar injection. Fundus showed pale retina with cherry red spot suggestive of central retinal artery occlusion in case 1 and pale disc with sclerosed vessels and multiple superficial hemorrhages suggestive of a combined occlusion of retinal artery and vein in case 2. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed thickened inner retinal layers with intact outer retinal layers in case 1 and thinning in case 2. We conclude that retrobulbar injections can rarely be associated with dreadful vision-threatening complications like in our patients. We also report the role of OCT in assessing the prognosis following vascular occlusion.

Keywords: Combined occlusion; retrobulbar injection; vascular occlusion.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anesthesia, Local / adverse effects*
  • Anesthesia, Local / methods
  • Female
  • Fluorescein Angiography
  • Fundus Oculi
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Orbit
  • Retinal Artery / diagnostic imaging*
  • Retinal Artery Occlusion / diagnosis
  • Retinal Artery Occlusion / etiology*
  • Retinal Vein / diagnostic imaging*
  • Retinal Vein Occlusion / diagnosis
  • Retinal Vein Occlusion / etiology*
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods