Dynamics of Bile Acid Profiles, GLP-1, and FGF19 After Laparoscopic Gastric Banding

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Aug 1;102(8):2974-2984. doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-00235.

Abstract

Context: An increase of bile acids (BAs), fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has been implicated in metabolic improvements after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical sleeve gastrectomy. However, data are still conflicting regarding their role after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).

Objective: To assess the fasting BA, FGF19, and GLP-1 concentrations in plasma before and after LAGB and to test for correlations with immunometabolic parameters. Furthermore, hepatic farnesoid X receptor (FXR) expression and regulation of FXR-dependent genes were analyzed.

Design and setting: Observational study at the University Hospital Innsbruck.

Patients: Twenty obese patients.

Interventions: Fasting plasma samples were taken before, 3, 6, and 12 months after LAGB. Liver biopsies were obtained at surgery and after 6 months postoperatively.

Main outcome measures: BA profiles, GLP-1 and FGF19 levels, hepatic FXR expression and regulation of FXR target genes were determined.

Results: Total, conjugated, and secondary BAs transiently increased 3 months after LAGB (P < 0.01). Only one BA, glycolithocholic acid sulfate, remained significantly elevated throughout the whole follow-up period (P < 0.05). GLP-1 had increased transiently 3 months after surgery (P < 0.01), whereas FGF19 levels increased continuously (P < 0.05). Insulin, homeostasis model assessment index, C-reactive protein, FGF19, and GLP-1 correlated positively with different BAs. No differences were seen in hepatic FXR expression and FXR-regulated genes.

Conclusions: Our study results, not only identified LAGB-induced changes in BAs and BA-induced hormones, but also revealed associations between changes in BA profile with GLP-1 and FGF19.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Bariatric Surgery
  • Bile Acids and Salts / blood*
  • C-Reactive Protein / metabolism
  • Female
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors / blood*
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / blood*
  • Glycocholic Acid / analogs & derivatives
  • Glycocholic Acid / blood
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Insulin / blood
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Laparoscopy
  • Liver / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Obesity, Morbid / blood*
  • Obesity, Morbid / surgery
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / metabolism*

Substances

  • Bile Acids and Salts
  • FGF19 protein, human
  • Insulin
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
  • farnesoid X-activated receptor
  • sulfolithocholylglycine
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Glycocholic Acid