Purpose: To compare the effects of strength training versus ski-ergometer training on double-poling gross efficiency (GE), maximal speed (V max), peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) for elite male and female junior cross-country skiers.
Methods: Thirty-three elite junior cross-country skiers completed a 6-week training-intervention period with two additional 40-min training sessions per week. The participants were matched in pairs and within each pair randomly assigned to either a strength-training group (STR) or a ski-ergometer-training group (ERG). Before and after the intervention, the participants completed three treadmill roller-skiing tests to determine GE, V max, and [Formula: see text]. Mixed between-within subjects analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to evaluate differences between and within groups. Paired samples t tests were used as post hoc tests to investigate within-group differences.
Results: Both groups improved their V max and [Formula: see text] expressed absolutely (all P < 0.01). For the gender-specific sub-groups, it was found that the female skiers in both groups improved both V max and [Formula: see text] expressed absolutely (all P < 0.05), whereas the only within-group differences found for the men were improvements of V max in the STR group. No between-group differences were found for any of the investigated variables.
Conclusions: Physiological and performance-related variables of importance for skiers were improved for both training regimes. The results demonstrate that the female skiers' physiological adaptations to training, in general, were greater than those of the men. The magnitude of the physiological adaptations was similar for both training regimes.
Keywords: Cross-country skiing; Double poling; Gender differences; Gross efficiency; Maximal speed.