Objective: Inflammation and autoimmune responses play an important role in recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF). Serum globulin levels are a commonly used clinical index that represents inflammation and autoimmune response. This study aimed to determine the relationship between baseline serum globulin levels and the risk of recurrence after ablation in lone AF patients.
Methods: We enrolled 348 lone AF patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation for the first time for whom complete follow-up data were available. Pre-ablation peripheral venous blood samples were obtained for measurement of serum globulin levels.
Results: During the follow-up period of 22 months (range, 6-62), AF recurred in 129 patients (37.1%). Recurrence was associated with a low level of pre-ablation serum globulins. Multiple Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that persistent AF, AF duration, left atrial diameter, no amiodarone after ablation, and the serum globulin level in particular were independent predictors of AF recurrence. According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the best diagnostic cut-off serum globulin level was 25.4 g/L, which showed 74.4% sensitivity, 71.3% specificity, and 73.3% accuracy.
Conclusion: The baseline low serum globulin level is associated with AF recurrence after first-time ablation in lone AF patients. Therefore, it may be used as a predictor of AF recurrence in these patients.