Objectives: This study provides an overview of the Republic of Serbia healthcare system and describes the process of developing and conducting health technology assessment (HTA).
Methods: The authors performed pragmatic, nonsystematic literature review based on available statistical data, legislation, and studies.
Results: Healthcare law creates conditions that allow implementation of the principle "value for money." The institutions directly vested in the implementation of HTA are the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) and the Ministry of Health (MoH). There are some reflections of the efforts by NHIF and MoH toward achieving this goal.
Conclusions: Despite the highly set objectives, there is still a lot of work to be done to build an adequate model to support decision-making processes to bridge the discrepancies between broadly defined rights to health care and limited resources in the country.
Keywords: HTA; Health insurance; Health technology assessment; Healthcare system; Republic of Serbia.