The aim of this study was to systematically review articles that investigated the prognostic significance of different microRNAs in bladder cancer (BC). We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase to identify relevant studies until March 2016. After screening, 26 studies that involved 2753 patients were included. Results suggested that many miRs expression aberration may predict prognosis in patients with BC. There are six miRs (miR-21, miR-143, miR-155, miR-200, miR-214, and miR-222) were reported by at least two studies, and we performed meta-analysis in the corresponding studies. Accordingly, we found that high miR-21 expression was associated with poor overall survival [OS; hazard ratio (HR) = 3.94, 95% CI 2.08-7.44]. High miR-143 expression was associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS; HR = 3.78, 95% CI 1.61-8.89). High miR-155 expression was associated with poor PFS (HR = 8.10, 95% CI 2.92-22.48). High miR-222 expression was associated with poor OS (HR = 3.39, 95% CI 1.10-10.41). Meanwhile, low miR-214 expression was correlated with poor RFS(HR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.22-0.53). Our comprehensive systematic review concluded that microRNAs, particularly miR-21, miR-143, miR-155, miR-214, and miR-222, could serve as meticulous follow-up markers for early detection of progression or recurrence and even useful therapeutic targets for the treatment in patients with BC.