Aspiration Pneumonia in the Dog: A Review

Abstract

Objective: To review the human and veterinary literature pertaining to aspiration pneumonitis and pneumonia.

Material and methods: Data sources included scientific reviews and original research publications from the human and veterinary literature. All reviews and studies that added to the understanding of aspiration pneumonia were included.

Results: Compared to human medicine, aspiration pneumonia can be difficult to diagnose in the canine patient and is often a diagnosis of presumption. Multiple risk factors exist increasing the likelihood of aspiration pneumonia and a thorough understanding of these can aid in prevention. Treatment recommendations center primarily on supportive care, oxygen therapy and antibiotic administration.

Clincial significance: Aspiration pneumonia is a common finding in the canine patient and a thorough understanding of the disease will lead to better treatment outcomes. Further studies on treatment and prevention in veterinary medicine are warranted.

Keywords: Aspiration; Aspiration pneumonia; Pneumonia.