Pulmonary endarterectomy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

Mareike Lankeit; Valentin Krieg; Lukas Hobohm; Sebastian Kölmel; Christoph Liebetrau; Stavros Konstantinides; Christian W Hamm; Eckhard Mayer; Christoph B Wiedenroth; Stefan Guth

doi:10.1016/j.healun.2017.06.011

Pulmonary endarterectomy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

J Heart Lung Transplant. 2017 Jul 1:S1053-2498(17)31877-6. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.06.011. Online ahead of print.

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, University Medical Centre Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: mareike.lankeit@charite.de.
² Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, University Medical Centre Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
³ Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, University Medical Centre Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Centre for Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Centre Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
⁴ Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
⁵ Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany.

PMID: 28750932
DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.06.011

Abstract

Background: Management and outcome of patients with operable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) who underwent pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) at a large German referral center were investigated.

Methods: In Germany, 394 PEAs were performed in 2014 and 2015 with an in-hospital mortality rate of 5.8%. Of these, 253 patients (64.2%) were treated at the Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, and 237 (93.7%; median age, 62 years [interquartile range [IQR], 52-72 years]; 46.0% female) were included in the present analysis.

Results: On referral, 52 patients (22.0%) were treated with pulmonary arterial hypertension-specific drugs and 95 (40.4%) were treated with non-vitamin K-dependent oral anticoagulants, and 14 (5.9%) had mean pulmonary artery pressure <25 mm Hg and were classified as having chronic thromboembolic pulmonary vascular disease. PEA was feasible in 236 (99.6%) patients with median duration of surgery of 397 minutes (IQR, 363-431 minutes). Periprocedural (0%) and in-hospital (2.5%) mortality rates were very low. Forty-two patients (17.7%) had intraoperative complications, and 60 (25.3%) had post-operative complications. The duration of surgery was the only predictor of in-hospital mortality (≥500 minutes; odds ratio [OR], 32.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.5-187.6) and the only independent predictor of intraoperative (≥440 minutes; OR, 10.8; 95% CI, 4.4-26.5) and post-operative (≥390 minutes; OR, 2.4; 95%CI, 1.1-5.7) complications. Only intraoperative complications independently predicted a longer duration of surgery (≥397 minutes; OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 2.2-11.2).

Conclusions: In an experienced center with multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, PEA is safe. Prognosis was mainly determined by occurrence of intraoperative complications and duration of surgery rather than patients' pre-operative status.

Keywords: balloon pulmonary angioplasty; chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension; non–vitamin K–dependent oral anticoagulants; prognosis; pulmonary endarterectomy.