In vivo retention of 18F-AV-1451 in corticobasal syndrome

Abstract

Objective: To study the usefulness of ¹⁸F-AV-1451 PET in patients with corticobasal syndrome (CBS).

Methods: We recruited 8 patients with CBS, 17 controls, 31 patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), and 11 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from the Swedish BioFINDER study. All patients underwent clinical assessment, ¹⁸F-AV-1451 PET, MRI, and quantification of β-amyloid pathology. A subset of participants also underwent ¹⁸F-FDG-PET.

Results: In the 8 patients with CBS, 6 had imaging findings compatible with the corticobasal degeneration pathology and 2 with typical AD pathology. In the 6 patients with CBS without typical AD pathology, there were substantial retentions of ¹⁸F-AV-1451 in the motor cortex, corticospinal tract, and basal ganglia contralateral to the most affected body side. These patients could be clearly distinguished from patients with AD dementia or PSP using ¹⁸F-AV-1451. However, cortical atrophy was more widespread than the cortical retention of ¹⁸F-AV1451 in these CBS cases, and cortical AV-1451 uptake did not correlate with cortical thickness or glucose hypometabolism. These results are in sharp contrast to AD dementia, where ¹⁸F-AV-1451 retention was more widespread than cortical atrophy, and correlated well with cortical thickness and hypometabolism.

Conclusions: Patients with CBS without typical AD pathology exhibited AV-1451 retention in the motor cortex, corticospinal tract, and basal ganglia contralateral to the affected body side, clearly different from controls and patients with AD dementia or PSP. However, cortical atrophy measured with MRI and decreased ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake were more widespread than ¹⁸F-AV-1451 uptake and probably represent earlier, yet less specific, markers of CBS.

Classification of evidence: This study provides Class III evidence that ¹⁸F-AV-1451 PET distinguishes between CBS and AD or PSP.