Nephrolithisis in a newborn: a rare case and review of literature

Abstract

Nephrolithiasis, although a common entity in adults, is less common in children and rare in newborns. The evaluation and management strategies of renal stones in neonates are unclear. We report a rare scenario of renal calculus in a newborn aged 3 days presenting with decreased urine output, fever and crying during micturition. Patient was thoroughly investigated and managed conservatively. Further follow-up showed increase in stone size with recurrent urinary tract infections, hence shock wave lithotripsy was performed to successfully break and clear the stone fragments. Patient recovered well and was doing fine until last follow-up.

Keywords: haematuria; renal system; urinary tract infections; urological surgery.