Nonmotor Symptoms in Dystonia

Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017:134:1335-1371. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.003. Epub 2017 Jun 9.

Abstract

With the emergence of quality of life measures as an indicator for the impact of medical and surgical interventions in dystonia, focus has shifted toward unraveling the pathophysiology and neuroanatomical basis of the "nonmotor symptoms" (NMS). To date, the NMS are now recognized as the greater determinant of quality of life in dystonia, going above and beyond the motor symptomatology. This chapter highlights what is currently known in available literature on the NMS among patients with early-onset dystonia, adult-onset focal dystonia, and dystonia-plus syndromes with particular focus on the NMS involving cognition, mood, behavior (even suicide), sleep, and pain.

Keywords: Anxiety; Cognition; Depression; Dystonia; Nonmotor symptoms; Pain.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cognitive Dysfunction / diagnosis
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / epidemiology
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / physiopathology
  • Dystonia / diagnosis*
  • Dystonia / epidemiology
  • Dystonia / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Pain / diagnosis
  • Pain / epidemiology
  • Pain / physiopathology
  • Parkinson Disease / diagnosis*
  • Parkinson Disease / epidemiology
  • Parkinson Disease / physiopathology*
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / diagnosis
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / epidemiology
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / physiopathology