Gastric dilation-volvulus in dogs attending UK emergency-care veterinary practices: prevalence, risk factors and survival

J Small Anim Pract. 2017 Nov;58(11):629-638. doi: 10.1111/jsap.12723. Epub 2017 Aug 21.

Abstract

Objective: To report prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcomes for presumptive gastric dilation-volvulus diagnosed among an emergency-care population of UK dogs.

Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design using emergency-care veterinary clinical records from the VetCompass Programme spanning September 1, 2012 to February 28, 2014 and risk factor analysis using multivariable logistic regression modelling.

Results: The study population comprised 77,088 dogs attending 50 Vets Now clinics. Overall, 492 dogs had presumptive gastric dilation-volvulus diagnoses, giving a prevalence of 0·64% (95% Confidence interval: 0·58 to 0·70%). Compared with cross-bred dogs, breeds with the highest odds ratios for the diagnosis of presumptive gastric dilation-volvulus were the great Dane (odds ratio: 114·3, 95% Confidence interval 55·1 to 237·1, P<0·001), akita (odds ratio: 84·4, 95% Confidence interval 33·6 to 211·9, P<0·001) and dogue de Bordeaux (odds ratio: 82·9, 95% Confidence interval 39·0 to 176·3, P<0·001). Odds increased as dogs aged up to 12 years and neutered male dogs had 1·3 (95% Confidence interval 1·0 to 1·8, P=0·041) times the odds compared with entire females. Of the cases that were presented alive, 49·7% survived to discharge overall, but 79·3% of surgical cases survived to discharge.

Clinical significance: Approximately 80% of surgically managed cases survived to discharge. Certain large breeds were highly predisposed.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Breeding
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Dog Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Dog Diseases / mortality
  • Dog Diseases / surgery
  • Dogs
  • Female
  • Gastric Dilatation / epidemiology
  • Gastric Dilatation / mortality
  • Gastric Dilatation / surgery
  • Gastric Dilatation / veterinary*
  • Male
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Stomach Volvulus / epidemiology
  • Stomach Volvulus / mortality
  • Stomach Volvulus / surgery
  • Stomach Volvulus / veterinary*
  • United Kingdom / epidemiology