Enhancing antibacterial effect of sodium hypochlorite by low electric current-assisted sonic agitation

PLoS One. 2017 Aug 30;12(8):e0183895. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183895. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

Background: This research focused on the effects of low electric current (μE)-assisted sonic agitation of sodium hypochlorite on Enterococcus faecalis infected human root dentin.

Methods: Extracted human canine roots were instrumented, sterilized, and experimentally contaminated with E. faecalis. After incubation for 21 days, the presence of the biofilm was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (n = 3). Roots were randomly divided into seven groups according to decontamination procedures: G1: no treatment; G2: sterile saline; G3: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite; G4: passive ultrasonic irrigation; G5: EndoActivator (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) agitation (EA); G6: μE agitation; and G7: μE-assisted sonic agitation. Fixed μE amperage and intensities were applied in G6 and G7. Following microbial sampling, bacterial colonies were counted using the direct plating method.

Results: Biofilm was not eradicated in any sample. The μE-assisted sonic agitation of sodium hypochlorite revealed the lowest cfu values (p<0.05), whereas there were no significant differences among the passive ultrasonic irrigation, EndoActivator and μE agitation alone (p>0.05).

Conclusions: Based on available evidence, the following conclusions were drawn: The μE-assisted sonic agitation increased the antibiofilm efficiency of sodium hypochlorite than passive ultrasonic irrigation and EndoActivator. The μE-assisted sonic agitation on 5.25% sodium hypochlorite is not capable to eradicate biofilms at 10mA energy level in 60s.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Biofilms / drug effects*
  • Dental Pulp Cavity / microbiology*
  • Disinfectants / pharmacology
  • Electricity
  • Enterococcus faecalis / drug effects*
  • Enterococcus faecalis / physiology
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Root Canal Therapy
  • Sodium Hypochlorite / pharmacology*
  • Sonication / methods*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Disinfectants
  • Sodium Hypochlorite