Biomaterials for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration

Dent Clin North Am. 2017 Oct;61(4):835-856. doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2017.06.003.

Abstract

Functional reconstruction of craniofacial defects is a major clinical challenge in craniofacial sciences. The advent of biomaterials is a potential alternative to standard autologous/allogenic grafting procedures to achieve clinically successful bone regeneration. This article discusses various classes of biomaterials currently used in craniofacial reconstruction. Also reviewed are clinical applications of biomaterials as delivery agents for sustained release of stem cells, genes, and growth factors. Recent promising advancements in 3D printing and bioprinting techniques that seem to be promising for future clinical treatments for craniofacial reconstruction are covered. Relevant topics in the bone regeneration literature exemplifying the potential of biomaterials to repair bone defects are highlighted.

Keywords: 3D bioprinting; Bone regeneration; Calcium phosphate; Gene delivery; Growth factor delivery; Stem cells; Tissue engineering.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biocompatible Materials / therapeutic use*
  • Bone Regeneration* / drug effects
  • Calcium Phosphates / therapeutic use
  • Ceramics / therapeutic use
  • Facial Bones / physiology*
  • Guided Tissue Regeneration / methods
  • Humans
  • Printing, Three-Dimensional
  • Skull / physiology*
  • Tissue Engineering / methods*
  • Tissue Scaffolds

Substances

  • Biocompatible Materials
  • Bioglass
  • Calcium Phosphates
  • calcium phosphate