Abstract
Non-nucleoside inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT), NNRTIs, which bind to the p66/p51 heterodimeric RT, also interact with the p66/p66 homodimer, whose structure is unknown. 19 F nuclear magnetic resonance of a single 4-trifluoromethylphenylalanine (tfmF) residue, incorporated into the NNRTI binding pocket of the p66/p66 homodimer at position 181, was used to investigate NNRTI binding. In the NNRTI-bound homodimer complex, two different 19 F signals are observed, with the resonance frequencies matching those of the NNRTI-bound p66/p51 heterodimer spectra, in which the individual p66-subunit or p51-subunit were labeled with tfmF at positions 181. These data suggest that the NNRTI-bound p66/p66 homodimer conformation, particularly around residue 181, is very similar to that in the p66/p51 heterodimer, explaining why NNRTI binding to p66/p66 enhances dimer formation.
Keywords:
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase; NMR; NNRTI; fluorine; single-site labeling.
© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MeSH terms
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Alkynes
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Amino Acid Motifs
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Benzoxazines / chemistry*
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Binding Sites
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Cyclopropanes
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Escherichia coli / genetics
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Escherichia coli / metabolism
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Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Gene Expression
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HIV Reverse Transcriptase / antagonists & inhibitors
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HIV Reverse Transcriptase / chemistry*
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HIV Reverse Transcriptase / genetics
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HIV Reverse Transcriptase / metabolism
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HIV-1 / chemistry*
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HIV-1 / enzymology
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Models, Molecular
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Nevirapine / chemistry*
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Phenylalanine / analogs & derivatives
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Phenylalanine / chemistry
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Protein Binding
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Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical
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Protein Conformation, beta-Strand
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Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
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Protein Multimerization
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Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
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Recombinant Proteins / genetics
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Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
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Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / chemistry*
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Rilpivirine / chemistry*
Substances
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4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylalanine
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Alkynes
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Benzoxazines
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Cyclopropanes
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Recombinant Proteins
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Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
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Phenylalanine
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Nevirapine
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reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
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HIV Reverse Transcriptase
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Rilpivirine
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efavirenz