Microparticle-embedded fibroin/alginate beads for prolonged local release of simvastatin hydroxyacid to mesenchymal stem cells

Carbohydr Polym. 2017 Nov 1:175:645-653. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.045. Epub 2017 Aug 13.

Abstract

In the present work, we propose silk fibroin/alginate (SF/Alg) beads embedding simvastatin-loaded biodegradable microparticles as a versatile platform capable of tuning SVA release and in so doing osteogenic effects. In a first part of the study, microparticles of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid incorporating simvastatin either as lactone (SVL) or as hydroxyacid form (SVA) were prepared by spray-drying. While SVA-loaded microparticles released the drug in three days, long-term release of SVA could be obtained from SVL-loaded microparticles. In this latter case, SVL was promptly transformed to the osteogenic active SVA during release. When tested on mesenchymal stem cells, a time- and dose-dependent effect of SVL-loaded microparticles on cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was found. Thereafter, SVL-loaded microparticles were embedded in SF/Alg beads to limit the initial simvastatin burst and to achieve easier implantation as well. Microparticle-embedded beads showed no cytotoxicity while ALP activity increased. If correctly exploited, the developed system may be suitable as osteogenic polymer scaffolds releasing correct amount of the drug locally for long time-frames.

Keywords: Bone regeneration; Microparticles; Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid; Prolonged release; Simvastatin.

MeSH terms

  • Alginates / chemistry*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Drug Delivery Systems*
  • Fibroins / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Lactic Acid
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / drug effects*
  • Polyglycolic Acid
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
  • Simvastatin / administration & dosage
  • Simvastatin / analogs & derivatives*

Substances

  • Alginates
  • simvastatin hydroxyacid
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
  • Polyglycolic Acid
  • Lactic Acid
  • Fibroins
  • Simvastatin