Investigation of lanthanum impregnated cellulose, derived from biomass, as an adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from drinking water

Abstract

High concentrations of fluoride in drinking water can cause the disease fluorosis. Our scope goal is to develop an effective biopolymeric adsorbent for the removal of fluoride to below a specific safety limit set by the World Health Organization. In this study, the natural adsorbent material cellulose was impregnated with lanthanum chloride and effectiveness in adsorbing fluoride was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM coupled with EDX techniques. The adsorption data were analyzed by Freundlich, Langmuir, and Redlich-Peterson isotherms. The adsorption on cellulose and Lanthanum impregnated Cellulose (LaC) obeyed the pseudo second order kinetic model and thermodynamic parameters were shows the adsorption process was spontaneous and feasible. The high adsorption capacity of LaC was developed from waste materials through an easy procedure, has potential for application to efficient defluoridation. In future, the potential LaC adsorbent will be used for designing of household defluoridation unit for effective and economical fluoride removal.

Keywords: Adsorption; Cellulose; Fluoride; Isotherms; Kinetics.