Genomic Disorders in Psychiatry-What Does the Clinician Need to Know?

Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017 Sep 20;19(11):82. doi: 10.1007/s11920-017-0831-5.

Abstract

Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of genomic disorders in various psychiatric conditions and to highlight important recent advances in the field that are of potential clinical relevance.

Recent findings: Genomic disorders are caused by large rare recurrent deletions and duplications at certain chromosomal "hotspots" (e.g., 22q11.2, 16p11.2, 15q11-q13, 1q21.1, 15q13.3) across the genome. Most overlap multiple genes, affect development, and are associated with variable cognitive and other neuropsychiatric expression. Although individually rare, genomic disorders collectively account for a significant minority of intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and schizophrenia. Genome-wide chromosomal microarray analysis is capable of detecting all genomic disorders in a single test, offering the first opportunity for routine clinical genetic testing in psychiatric practice.

Keywords: ADHD; Autism; CNV; Copy number variation; Genomic disorder; Schizophrenia.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder / genetics*
  • Chromosome Aberrations
  • DNA Copy Number Variations
  • Genetic Diseases, Inborn / genetics
  • Genetic Diseases, Inborn / psychology*
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease*
  • Genome-Wide Association Study
  • Genomics
  • Humans
  • Intellectual Disability / genetics*
  • Psychiatry
  • Schizophrenia / genetics*