[Transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of fibromyalgia: a systematic review]

Rev Neurol. 2017 Oct 16;65(8):353-360.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction: Fibromyalgia is a multisymptomatic diffuse chronic musculoskeletal pain syndrome with evidence of central nervous system dysfunction. Accordingly, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be a complementary therapeutic resource to reduce pain perception.

Aims: To review the potential effectiveness of tDCS to reduce pain in fibromyalgia, to identify the most effective neurostimulation parameters and to delimit its safety.

Patients and methods: Systematic review of prospective studies reported in PubMed and Cochrane reviews.

Results: The anodal tDCS of the left primary motor cortex, at 2mA for 20 minutes with 35 cm2 electrodes on five consecutive days, provides better results in reducing pain (14-59%), and improving sleep quality, with greater accentuation on the fifth day. The clinical improvement persists up to a minimum of 60 days (11-20% reduction of pain). Adverse effects are well tolerated and few.

Conclusions: The experience with tDCS in fibromyalgia is still limited. However, the anodal tDCS in the left primary motor cortex can be recommended with level B (probable therapeutic efficacy) and appears to act through the modification of the sensorial processing of the pain of thalamic inhibitory circuitry.

Title: Estimulacion transcraneal por corriente directa en la fibromialgia: revision sistematica.

Introduccion. La fibromialgia es un sindrome de dolor cronico difuso musculoesqueletico multisintomatico, con evidencias de una disfuncion del sistema nervioso central. Consecuentemente, tecnicas de estimulacion cerebral no invasiva, como la estimulacion transcraneal con corriente directa (tDCS), pueden ser un recurso terapeutico complementario para reducir la percepcion de dolor. Objetivos. Revisar la potencial efectividad de la tDCS para reducir el dolor en la fibromialgia, identificar los parametros mas efectivos de neuroestimulacion y delimitar su seguridad. Pacientes y metodos. Revision sistematica de estudios prospectivos registrados en PubMed y revisiones Cochrane. Resultados. La tDCS anodica de la corteza motora primaria izquierda, a 2 mA durante 20 minutos con electrodos de 35 cm2 durante cinco dias consecutivos, es la que proporciona mejores resultados en la reduccion del dolor (14-59%) y mejora de la calidad del sueño, con mayor acentuacion en el quinto dia. La mejora clinica persiste hasta un minimo de 60 dias (11-20% de reduccion del dolor). Se tolera bien y tiene escasos efectos adversos. Conclusiones. La experiencia con la tDCS en fibromialgia es todavia limitada. No obstante, la tDCS anodica en la corteza motora primaria izquierda puede recomendarse con un nivel B (probable eficacia terapeutica) y podria actuar mediante la modificacion del procesamiento sensorial del dolor de circuitos inhibitorios talamicos.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Fibromyalgia / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*