Brainstem cytokine changes in healthy ageing and Motor Neurone Disease

J Neurol Sci. 2017 Oct 15:381:192-199. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.013. Epub 2017 Aug 10.

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is linked to healthy ageing, but its role in the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases is unclear. In this pilot study we used a multiplex assay approach to compare 27 cytokines in 6 young adult and 6 ageing control brainstems with those in 6 MND brainstems. We report that healthy ageing is associated with significantly increased brainstem levels of IL-1β, IP-10 and MIP-1β which co-localise immunocytochemically to astrocytes. MND brainstem is also characterised by a general increase in both pro- and anti-cytokine levels, but fails to show the expected age-related increase in MIP-1β and IP-10. This pilot study is the first to show that MND is associated with a failure of specific features of the normal age-related neuroinflammatory process. We suggest that our pilot data indicates that neuroinflammation during healthy ageing may not always be detrimental to motoneuronal survival and that age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as MND, may instead result from defective neuroinflammation.

Keywords: Ageing; Astrocytes; Cytokines; Inflammation; MIP-1β; Motor Neurone Disease.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aging / metabolism*
  • Aging / pathology
  • Astrocytes / metabolism
  • Astrocytes / pathology
  • Brain Stem / metabolism*
  • Brain Stem / pathology
  • Cytokines / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Motor Neuron Disease / metabolism*
  • Motor Neuron Disease / pathology
  • Pilot Projects
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Cytokines