Effect of cardiologist care on 6-month outcomes in patients discharged with heart failure: results from an observational study based on administrative data

BMJ Open. 2017 Nov 3;7(11):e018243. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018243.

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of cardiologist care on adherence to evidence-based secondary prevention medications, mortality and readmission within 6 months of discharge in patients with heart failure (HF).

Design: Retrospective observational study based on administrative data.

Setting: Local Healthcare Authority (LHA) of Bologna, one of the largest LHAs of Italy with ~870 000 inhabitants.

Participants: All patients residing in the LHA of Bologna discharged from hospital with a diagnosis of HF between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2015.

Primary and secondary outcome measures: Multivariable regression analysis was used to assess the association of inpatient and outpatient cardiologist care with adherence to evidence-based medications, all-cause mortality and hospital readmission (including emergency room visits) within 6 months of discharge.

Results: The study population included 2650 patients (mean age 82.3 years). 340 (12.8%) patients were discharged from cardiology wards, while 635 (24.0%) were seen by a cardiologist during follow-up. Inpatient and outpatient cardiologist care was associated with an increased likelihood of adherence to ACE inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEIs/ARBs), β-blockers and aldosterone antagonists after discharge. The risk of mortality was significantly lower among patients adherent to ACEIs/ARBs and/or β-blockers (-53% and -28%, respectively); the risk of hospital readmission was significantly lower among patients adherent to ACEIs/ARBs (-28%).

Conclusions: Compared with non-specialist care, cardiologist care improves patient adherence to evidence-based medications and might thus favourably affect mortality and readmission following HF.

Keywords: cardiologist care; heart failure; medication adherence; mortality; readmissions.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Cardiology / standards*
  • Cause of Death
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / drug therapy
  • Heart Failure / mortality*
  • Humans
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Medication Adherence / statistics & numerical data*
  • Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Patient Discharge*
  • Patient Readmission / statistics & numerical data*
  • Regression Analysis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Secondary Prevention

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists