Current Ultrasound Application in the Foot and Ankle

Abstract

This article is a comprehensive review of the current utilizations of ultrasound in the treatment of orthopedic conditions of the foot and ankle. It reviews the diagnostic and interventional applications to commonly encountered lower-extremity ailments, including plantar fasciosis, tendinosis, and peripheral nerve disorders. It also outlines minimally invasive ultrasound-guided procedures and emerging therapies as alternatives to current treatments. These emerging therapies can be used to assist surgeons and provide options for patients needing intervention. Techniques such as hydrodissection, injection, aspiration, tenotomy, and fasciotomy are discussed, giving readers insight into different treatment modalities and options to help manage their patients.

Keywords: Hydrodissection; Image-guided injection; Musculoskeletal ultrasound; Plantar fascia; Tendinosis; Tendonitis; Ultrasound of the foot/ankle.